Pressure vessel classification and safety accessories common sense

 Classification according to the design pressure:

1. Low pressure (L) 0.1MPa ≤ P < 1.6 MPa

2. Medium pressure (M) 1.6 MPa ≤ P < 10 MPa

3. High pressure (H) 10 MPa ≤ P < 100 MPa

4, ultra high pressure (U) P ≥ 100 MPa

According to the role of the process:

1. Reaction pressure vessel (R): mainly a pressure vessel for performing physical and chemical reactions of a medium. Such as reactor, reactor, decomposition pot, vulcanization tank, decomposition tower, polymerization tower, autoclave, super autoclave, synthesis tower, shift furnace, cooking pot, steaming ball, autoclave, gas generator, and the like.

   
   

2. Heat exchange pressure vessel (E): mainly a pressure vessel for completing heat exchange of the medium. Such as shell-and-tube waste heat boilers, heat exchangers, coolers, condensers, evaporators, heaters, sterilizers, dyeers, dryers, steamers, preheaters, solvent preheaters, steamers, steaming Machine, electric steam generator, gas generator water jacket, etc.

3. Separation (filter separator )pressure vessel (S): mainly used for pressure vessel for fluid pressure balance buffering and gas purification separation of the medium. Such as separators, filters, oil collectors, buffers, scrubbers, absorption towers, copper wash towers, drying towers, strippers, sub-cylinders, deaerators, and the like.

4. Storage (storage tank)pressure vessel (C, wherein the spherical tank is B): mainly used for storing and containing pressure vessels such as gas, liquid, liquefied gas, etc., such as various types of storage tanks.

Comprehensive classification

1. Fixed pressure vessel: the environment is fixed and cannot be moved. There are many kinds of working media, most of which are toxic, flammable, explosive and corrosive chemical dangerous goods. Such as spherical storage tanks, horizontal storage tanks, various heat exchangers, synthesis towers, reactors, dryers, separators, shell-and-tube waste heat boilers, manned containers (such as medical oxygen chambers).

   
   

2, mobile pressure vessel: mainly used in mobile, as a medium of packaging is carried in the transport. Many working media are flammable, explosive or toxic. Such as the tank of cars and railway tankers.

3, gas cylinder pressure vessel(gas filter separator): as a kind of pressure vessel, the social possession is very large, there are high pressure gas cylinders (such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen bottles) and low pressure gas cylinders (such as civil liquefied petroleum gas cylinders), working medium Many are also flammable, explosive or toxic. There is also a strong mobility, both long-distance movement during transportation and short-distance movement in specific use. Such as liquefied petroleum gas cylinders, oxygen cylinders, hydrogen cylinders, nitrogen cylinders, carbon dioxide cylinders, liquid chlorine cylinders, liquid ammonia cylinders and dissolved acetylene cylinders.

Pressure vessel safety accessories

1. Safety valve: The function of the safety valve is to automatically open when the pressure in the equipment exceeds the specified requirements, and release the excess pressure to return the equipment to the normal working pressure state. After the pressure is normal, the safety valve closes automatically.

After the safety valve has been verified, it is strictly forbidden to increase the safety valve setting pressure or invalidate the safety valve by means of weighting, moving the weight, and locking the valve disc.

2. Pressure gauge: The range of the pressure gauge should be compatible with the working pressure of the equipment, usually 1.5 to 3 times, preferably 2 times the working pressure. A red line should be drawn on the dial of the pressure gauge to indicate the maximum allowable working pressure. The connecting pipe of the pressure gauge should not have water leakage or steam leakage, otherwise the pressure gauge indication value will be lowered.

3, rupture disc

4, thermometer

5, liquid level gauge

6, pressure reducing valve

7. Emergency cutting device: Its function is to close the valve and cut off the gas source quickly to prevent the accident from spreading and expanding when the pipe and its accessories are broken or mishandled or a fire accident occurs near the tanker.

8. Safety interlocking device for quick-opening type pressure vessel: Quick-opening door safety interlocking alarm device is an effective measure to prevent operation accidents of quick-opening type pressure vessels. Its role is:

a. When the door is opened quickly to reach the predetermined closing position, the interlock control function can be boosted;

b. When the internal pressure of the pressure vessel is completely released and the safety interlocking device is disengaged, the interlocking linkage function of the quick opening door can be opened;

c. It has an alarm function synchronized with the above actions.